sumerian mythology and the biblesumerian mythology and the bible

This week we are going to analyze the oldest creation story ever recorded, known as the Eridu Genesis. Biblical parallels in Sumerian literature - meta-religion.com The Sumerians regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders. This mans name is in Egyptian Mssw and reads Moses. The ancient civilization of Greece is a historical period that has long been a subject of fascination and intrigue. For many scholars of ancient civilizations, there is no doubt that the Bible was written from Sumerian and Egyptian texts. According to Wikipedia : Eloha appears about sixty times in the Hebrew Bible, usually in its poetic texts, most of the occurrences being found in Jobs book. 6- Author 4 was called D. because he only worked on the text of Deuteronomy. Ninhursag and causes eight new plants to grow from the earth. Sens2lavie.com, The Sumerian and Egyptian origin of the Bible, evidence. The Sumerian god An, for example, developed the Akkadian counterpart Anu; the Sumerian god Enki became Ea. fact. For privacy reasons, she has previously written on Ancient Origins under the pen name April Holloway, but is now choosing to use her real name, Joanna Gillan. It is only natural that anthropologists, historians and those who study religion to look for parallels between the earliest docoments of the Old Testament and the Sumerian/Babylonian/Akkadian religions in Mesopotamia. According to Kabbalah, at the beginning of creation, things called Sephiroth, meaning circles or orbits, with both material and spiritual characteristics took shape. from one another by a solid dome. 4- author 2 is called E. because he uses the plural Elohim meaning the gods so gods as in Sumerian history. Click here for a comparison of these two ancient texts. Not. (do not forget the Q & A below with more details about the Gilgamesh Epic). Ancient Origins 2013 - 2023Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. The belief in one God in ancient Egypt, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awk4WsLvS9A, Anunnaki, la version sumrienne de la cration de lhumanit, Nos anctres des extra-terrestres ? The Hurrians adopted the Akkadian god Anu into their pantheon sometime no later than 1200 BC. ADAD - The Babylonian god of storms, a darker version of the Sumerian god Ninurta.Known to the Sumerians as Ishkur, he is depicted with a lion-headed dragon or a bull and carrying a hammer or lightning bolt. The Sumerians were an ancient people that occupied Sumer, that is, the southern region of Mesopotamia, which is now southern Iraq. Historians have dedicated significant efforts to authenticating the biblical narratives of the Exodus. Immortality, the Elixir of Life and the Food of the Gods Both have a universal flood coming on mankind. : see on Amazon. [14]:184[17]:86 Ereshkigal's sukkal, or messenger, was the god Namtar. 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Logically, one might assume that since the Gilgamesh Epic precedes the Bible account, at least in its written form, it was the source for the biblical story of the flood. [33] Utu was principally regarded as a dispenser of justice;[14]:184 he was believed to protect the righteous and punish the wicked. [15] The highest and outermost dome of heaven was made of luludntu stone and was personified as An, the god of the sky. [17]:58, The entrance to Kur was believed to be located in the Zagros mountains in the far east. Despite the takeover of Babylon by the Persians in 539 and Cyrus edict allowing exiles to return to Judea, an important Jewish community remained in the city: it was it that, at the end of the 5th century AD, initiated the so-called Babylonian Talmud, which is still the authority in Judaism. second version of the creation of man "The Lord God formed Most major gods had a so-called sukkal, a minor deity serving as their vizier, messenger or doorkeeper. (Video), Pompeii Unveiled: Discovering the City's Most Amazing Secrets (Video), What Did Ancient Greece Really Look Like? Eridu Genesis - World History Encyclopedia [17]:108109 Her main cult center was the Eanna temple in Uruk, which had been originally dedicated to An. According to Mesopotamian legend, he still lives there. noter quun parallle intressant a t dmontr entre les textes sumriens et lancien testament avec deux corrections majeures, lentit Dieu est devenu masculin et unique. 97-98). 7- There was a 5th author who cut the texts of authors 1, 2, 3 and 4 into slices, placed them end to end, then gathered them together to write a text that was even more consistent and unifying. [18] Instead, after a person died, his or her soul went to Kur (later known as Irkalla), a dark shadowy underworld, located deep below the surface of the earth. His Canaan religion made him despise Egyptian traditions and rituals to the point of sacrilege. Vous ne dites pas dans votre expos les malades que vous avez guris et les entits (dmons ou E.T. [9] If Amos, Nahum, Habakkuk, Haggai, Malachi were names of real people, why are they not found elsewhere in Biblical history? Sumerian Myths - Grand Valley State University Reincarnation and karma in Judaism and Christianity. My hometown is Azupiranu saffron city, on the banks of the Euphrates river. Were Adam and Eve the first "homo sapiens"? First, Nammu, the primeval waters, gave birth to An (the sky) and Ki (the earth), who mated together. Ancient Sumerian Mythology The Chronicles Of The Sumerian Peoples Myths , It was also at this time that the biblical account was written, which partly took up Babylonian myths while adapting them to Jewish anthropology.. Dennis MacDonald, professor of New Testament and Christian Origins, has conducted extensive research into both the New Testament and ancient mythology and has also found remarkable similarities between stories in the Bible and the myths and legends of ancient civilizations. I noticed that error too. Ningal was the wife of Nanna,[35] as well as the mother of Utu, Inanna, and Ereshkigal. [14]:179181 Powerful deities such as Enki and Inanna became seen as receiving their power from the chief god Enlil. If you are a believer and this article upsets you, you should know that it does not challenge some of the teachings in the Bible and invites you to read the articles below. 13th Century Magical Merlin Manuscript Shares Original Legend, Eight of the Most Powerful Mythical Objects in History. [6] These tablets were also made of stone clay or stone, and they used a small pick to make the symbols. man out of the clay of the ground and blew into his nostrils the it form" (Kramer & Maier p. 33) From there the similarities Again, we see an incredible similarity with the accounts of James and John. They have been twisted and exagerated over thousand years. in the book of Genesis. may contain the predecessor to the tree of knowledge of good and [21] The Sumerians originally practiced a polytheistic religion, with anthropomorphic deities representing cosmic and terrestrial forces in their world. It was in 1945 that I discovered this explanation. Do we have the exact words of Jesus or a paraphrase? Many Canaanites have participated in the creation of Pi Rameses. Presumably, the book of Genesis has its roots in Mesopotamia from the early part of the second millennium BC. It is understandable that exiles use the stories and cults learned from Babylonians and Egyptians to create a religion and a promised land that gives them a legal right of return to their land in Canaan. cease as the two create several malformed humans and then the two The parallels are not just a figment of the imaginations of scholars. Before we analyze the Sumerian creation story, we must understand the cultures own history, that is, where the Sumerians came from in order to conceive of their own creation. the lady of the rib, or she who makes live. The account of the exodus describes one of the most incredible miracles of the Bible: the opening of the waters of the sea to let the fleeing Israelites pass through (Exodus 14:21-31). Though scholars know the Anunnaki as the gods of ancient Mesopotamia, fringe theorists believe they are ancient alien invaders from the planet Nibiru. Sumerian religion heavily influenced the religious beliefs of later Mesopotamian peoples; elements of it are retained in the mythologies and religions of the Hurrians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and other Middle Eastern culture groups. Pursued by Sethnakts armies, Tausret and Moses with their fellow travellers will have to take the southern route and sink into the Sinai like the Bible Moses. We see the weekly Sabbath, circumcision (it is an Egyptian practice), the celebration of Easter. There are two possibilities to explain this. The Igigi were the servants of the Anunnaki but one day they got tired of it and went on strike! This story was written in the 2ndMillenium BCE by the Sumerians. Doggerland, Variousunder water cities and roads in Greece and Egypt, The lapita in samoa, Gulf of Combay city near India. 143-44).. To make a long story short, the god Enki out of curiosity eats 8 plants in the paradise of . And, from then on, everything became clear: the enigmas of the Bible, the names with strange consonances because they were foreign, the characters, the History. The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power. Sumerian origin of the Bible: why create a religion and a promised land? Interestingly, the translated Sumerian story is actually the oldest account of many ancient events that are most commonly thought as having originated from the Bibles Genesis. I think it is fascinating to look at various creation stories. long lives, most in excess of 900 years. [14]:203 The lowest dome of heaven was made of jasper and was the home of the stars. [19] The god Neti was the gatekeeper. [30]:xiii,xv[13]:101 Many of the myths involving her revolve around her attempts to usurp control of the other deities' domains.[32]. la thorie des anciens astronautes dErich Von Daniken, Cuneiform tablets containing the list of Sumerian kings leave historians perplexed. Although the stories are not identical (for example, when God spoke to Noah, it was not in a dream) there is obvious parallel to the biblical flood account. Thanks, Ancient Sumerian origins of the annunaki bingefest! Aqqi the water pumper taught me his job as a gardener. Sumerian Myth Of The Bible: A Historical Analysis Decent Essays 623 Words 3 Pages Open Document It is apparent that no person or persons could have orchestrated the harmony found in scripture. Returning to Enki and Ninhursag, we find a possible parallel to I later realized that the hypothesis I had arrived at on my side had already been suggested thirty years earlier by a great French assyriologist, Father Vincent Scheil, as the American orientalist William Albright, who published my work, taught me.. Skeptical, non-believing scholars try to paint early Judaism as polytheistic, but there is no solid evidence for this. Tower of Babel and Mesopotamian Influence? - Bible Odyssey I know the Middle East is an area we are both interested in digging and studying in. [34] He may have also been the father of Inanna and Ereshkigal. [19], The souls in Kur were believed to eat nothing but dry dust[17]:58 and family members of the deceased would ritually pour libations into the dead person's grave through a clay pipe, thereby allowing the dead to drink. These ancient gods of Mesopotamia had wings, wore horned caps, and possessed the ability to . [14]:179 Lists of large numbers of Sumerian deities have been found. According to the Bible, Abraham received a call from God when he was 75 years old. where she finds that: The Anzu bird set his young in the branches of the tree, And the dark maid Lilith built her home in the trunk. More broadly, it is in Babylon that the people of Israel will lay the foundations for a Judaism that is now deprived of the Temple. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality. Et aujourdhui encore, dans les pays o lon pratique le Bouddhisme Theravada (je ne sais pas pour les autres formes de bouddhisme), avant de devenir moine, les pratiquants shabillent en blanc et sont appels naga (nak en tha). He knew the gods of the Sumerian pantheon, at the top of which was the Triad An, Enlil and Enki. He started by creating heaven and Earth. 9 Things You May Not Know About the Ancient Sumerians - History Adams First Wife Lilith: Diabolical Demoness or the First Feminist? NDE: they have gone back from the kingdom of the dead, from Heaven or Hell! those born as deities, Inanna does as well. (Author provided) The Forbidden Fruit For millennia people have assumed the forbidden fruit of Eden to be an apple. It has been proved that Gilgamesh is older than Genesis. Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. and the pass "like good princely cream" (Kramer 1981: According to the Jewish document Megillah 14b, there were eight prophets who are not considered prophets by Christians. The goddess created to heal Enkis coast is called Ninti, the Lady of the Coast. Contemporary biblical scholars such as John Rogerson and Philip R. Davies, both professors of biblical studies at the British University of Scheffield and authors of the prestigious The Old Testament World, note: In chapter 3 of the book of Genesis, there are three points in common with the story of Enki and Ninhursag in Dilmun: First, the existence of a place where death does not exist and animals are harmless (see also Isaiah 11:6-9); Then the arrival of disease and death which are the result of having taken and eaten a plant; And finally, the birth of a progeny that is the result of bodily pain, although more masculine than feminine. The tale is also - most famously - told as the story of Noah and his ark from . Kramer, however, did give credence to it, as mentioned by the blogger to whom you linked (see Kramer's History Begins at Sumer, pp. Sumerian creation myth - Wikipedia The Sumerian god Enlil becomes Abrahams El, the Elohim becomes Eloha. [19][14]:184 The Akkadians attempted to harmonize this dual rulership of the underworld by making Nergal Ereshkigal's husband. He himself will be called the great chancellor of the whole country and will govern the country with her. The Gilgamesh Epic was known to the ancient Sumerian and Babylonian cultures. He was raised with the Egyptian nobility, but he is a Canaanite of origin. Priests were responsible for continuing the cultural and religious traditions of their city-state, and were viewed as mediators between humans and the cosmic and terrestrial forces. Finally, we see that in ancient coins and gems, the Twins are depicted positioned on either side of enthroned deities, such as Zeus, Serapis, Mars and Mithras. The rest of the story tells that men served the Gods perfectly but they multiplied too quickly, made too much noise and eventually disturbed the Gods who decided to exterminate them. As in Genesis, the Sumerians' world is formed The implication of course is that it suggesets that the Gospels are retellings of ancient stories. The Bible Story of Noah and the Sumerian Tales of Atrahasis, Ziusudra, and Utnapishtim. The most important section of Kabbalah is the theory of the formation of the universe. Professor Evans, in his book Paradise Lost and the Genesis, also focuses attention on the Cte dve: The Sumerian words for coast ti and life til were represented by the same ideogram; therefore the goddess Nin-ti could be both the lady of the coast and the lady who gives life. Tous les tres anims et inanims ont ainsi t crs, indirectement, par le dmiurge solaire. Ninmah (Ninhursag) use a similar method in creating man. They deduced from this that the Hebrew language was derived from hieroglyphics, which are stylised. Puisque nous sommes lge des possibles pour expliquer ce pass, nous pouvons alors formuler des hypothses hors du champ connu. The full story can be found here: There are two possibilities to explain this. The Sumerian culture, which can be traced as far back as the beginning of the Fourth Millennium BC, was the source of all the myths of Middle Eastern civilizations that followed, such as the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian people who inherited much of the Sumerian culture. The name Tammuz seems to have been derived from the Akkadian form Tammuzi, based on early Sumerian Damu-zid, The Flawless Young, which in later standard Sumerian became Dumu-zid, or Dumuzi. This particularity of Kabbalah indicates that it is closely linked to ancient astrological systems of belief, Thus, Kabbalah is very far from the Jewish religion and much more closely linked to the ancient mysterious religions of the East. He impregnates I believe the Bible is based on actual events. This account is very similar to that of the birth of Moses, written by Jewish priests who were in exile in Babylon in the 7th century BC when this surprising story was told from the banks of the Tigris in Iraq to those of the Tiber in Italy. On October 9, 1929, a German theologian named Gustav Adolf Deissmann was cataloguing items in the Topkapi Palace library in Istanbul when he happened across a curious parchment located among some As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. Sumerian Mythology by Samuel Noah Kramer | Goodreads The priesthood resided full-time in temple complexes, and administered matters of state including the large irrigation processes necessary for the civilization's survival. ), but the existence of such a people and civilization was not even suspected until the middle of the 19th century. The hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh . A Sumerian myth known today as " Gilgamesh and the Netherworld" opens with a mythological prologue. It too is lush and has fruit bearing trees. Reminder: Canaan is the country we call Israel today. [26]:58[27]:231234 His primary consort was Ninlil, the goddess of the south wind,[28]:106 who was one of the patron deities of Nippur and was believed to reside in the same temple as Enlil. As soon as the hatch of Atrahasis boat had been closed, the God Nergal tore off the props of the heavenly gates, and Ninurta rushed to overflow the dams from above. Sumerian Religion - The Spiritual Life The Sumerian myth Enki and Ninmah shows Ninhursag (called "Ninmah") competing with the god Enki, a masculine deity within the Mesopotamian pantheon who was also described as Ninmah's husband in . As to the Israelites receiving the story from the Neo-Babylonians while in captivity, I find this explanation very unlikely for a few reasons. The origins of human beings according to ancient Sumerian texts In the Hebrew of the original text it was El, the main god of the Canaanite pantheon, god of the atmosphere, the creator god of heaven and earth, father of the gods, the one who reigns over the other gods. Toward the end of the Sumerian civilization, ziggurats became the preferred temple structure for Mesopotamian religious centers. The one who cures his rib is named Ninti, whose name As late as Ezekiel, there is mention of a Sumerian deity. First of all, the Gilgamesh Epic was around in the time of the first Babylonian Empire, about 1800 BC, not during the Neo-Babylonian Empire, under Nebuchadnezzar. He was a Field Assyriologist for the Iraq Expedition of the The Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago in the years 1929 to 1937, according to his biography, as well. The Complete Anunnaki Bible: A Source Book of Esoteric Archaeology - eBay Enlil separated heaven from earth and claimed the earth as his domain. The seventh patriarch, [17]:151,157158 Accounts of her parentage vary;[17]:108 in most myths, she is usually presented as the daughter of Nanna and Ningal,[30]:ixxi,xvi but, in other stories, she is the daughter of Enki or An along with an unknown mother. about Why Mount Sinai is in Egypt and Other Exodus Enigmas, about A Nearly 1,100-Year-Old Hebrew Bible Could Be the Most Expensive Ever Sold, about The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Unleashing the End of the World. Both have a man building a large boat and saving his family and a number of animals on the boat. sweet water. Why is it that people say the ancient Sumerian tablets are similar to the book of Genesis? At first, there was nothing on the Earth; it was filled with darkness and God's spirit was hovering over the water. 1,200-Year-Old Viking Ship Burial Found in Supposedly Empty Mound, Unleashing the Fury of the Khopesh: A Look at Egypts Deadliest Weapon (Video), Jewelry to Die For: 14th-Century Bulgarian Ring with a Killer Dose, The Macuahuitl: An Aztec Warriors Lethal and Sacred Weapon (Video), What Did Ancient Egypt Really Look Like? He ordered him to build an ark sealed with bitumen and to take with him specimens of all living beings. He was the father of Utu and one of the patron deities of Ur. le reste, cest dire la capacit grer des rvlations toujours plus bouleversantes, vous sera donn par surcrot. version of the Sumerian King list, found in Larsa details ten antediluvian It is interesting that these topics arise in this first creation story, perhaps shining light on events that everyone can relate to (government and sacrifice). It is also possible that the purpose of the Bible was to gather all the knowledge of this people after terrible disasters: In his book Worlds in Collision, Dr. Immanuel Velikovsky compares the ancient texts of many people around the world that relate to major disasters such as the account of the ten plagues of Egypt mentioned in the Exodus. [29] Ninurta was the son of Enlil and Ninlil. is a common theme in agricultural myths where the return of the Achilles and Patroclus: Close Confidants or Passionate Paramours? In early times, Sumerian temples were simple, one-room structures, sometimes built on elevated platforms. The second chapter of Genesis Second of all, there is sufficient evidence, in my opinion, to conclude that the book of Genesis was written in essentially its final form well before the time of the captivity (586-538 BC). there are eight antediluvian patriarchs. The Anunnaki Bible: The Sumerian Text's Origin of the Judeo Christian According to the Bible, since the Hebrews were too numerous, a pharaoh ordered their male children to be killed at birth.