timeline of the prophets of israeltimeline of the prophets of israel

John 4:23, 24; 2 Tim. Pests and diseases, flood and drought, crop failureall these would eventually disappear. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. In general, Old Testament promises and predictions were addressed to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them, conditional on obedience. Finally, it was demonstrated before the universe that, apart from God, humanity could not be uplifted, and that a new element of life and power must be imparted by Him who made the world. The Temple is mentioned as still existing (chapter 2:20), which shows that the book was written before Nebuchadnezzars destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. The 7th-century view.This view holds that Joels ministry seems to fit into the early years of Josiah, when Assyrian power was nearing its end and Babylon was still a weak kingdom. All that had been promised might yet come to pass if they would only love and serve Him (Zechariah 6:15; cf. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). Paul makes it clear beyond argument that when he speaks of Israel as the chosen people of God he means it in this sense. Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. Thus it was with Daniel, a bright example of what man may become, even in this life, if he will make God his strength and wisely improve the opportunities and privileges within his reach (see Daniel 1:8-20). ![A1 l0.BaD Xae [#J8U!r^X O, He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). It was therefore not alone unto themselves and to their contemporaries that the prophets ministered, but also to all sincere men and women of later generations (1 Peter 1:12). Though, on the whole, literal Israel failed to realize her exalted destiny, the chosen race did make a worth-while, though imperfect, contribution to the preparation of the world for the first advent of the Messiah (see on Matthew 2:1). Chronology of the Prophets in the Old Testament The success of Israel was to be based on and to include: 1. Click on the difference category captions to meet out more. 4. Following this line of interpretation, some have gone to the extreme of proposing a Christian migration to Palestine. The table below shows where in time the prophets fit within the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. Partial compliance on their part with the will of God made possible a partial fulfillment of the covenant promises on Gods part. Paul states the same truth in Romans 9:30, 31, where he makes it plain that the Christian church has replaced the Hebrew nation in the divine plan. Also, Jeremiah (chapter 26:18), quoting Micah (chapter 3:12), testifies that Micah ministered during Hezekiahs time. The Prophets The Dates Bible History Kings and Events Prophets of Israel Jonah 810-790 BC 2 Kings 13-14 Jehoash, Jeroboam II (Amaziah) Joel 790-760 BC 2 Kings 11-15 Uzziah Amos 780-760 BC 2 Kings 14-15 Jeroboam II (Uzziah) Hosea 785-725 BC 2 Kings 15-18 Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz) Isaiah 750-695 BC 2 [] 3. This fact is recognized by the various New Testament writers, who quoted Isaiah more than 90 times. who were active at that time. Hence the year 571/70 must not be considered as necessarily marking the end of his ministry. (chapter 5:14), after which he was recalled to Persia. One of the main objectives of the Bible commentator is to reconstruct the historical setting in which the declarations of the prophets were originally made. An table see shows where in time the prophets fit within the northern kingdom of Israel both the southern kingdom of Judah. The modernist school of interpretation denies the predictive element in prophecy altogether, arguing either that the predictions were written down after the events thus foretold took place or that such predictions reflected nothing more than the prophets hopes for the future, or those of his people. Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). As the nations of antiquity should behold Israels unprecedented progress, their attention and interest would be aroused. During the siege, reprobate Israelites would be slain by their foes (Zechariah 13:8; 14:2). %PDF-1.5 The close of his ministry is tentatively set by some scholars at 510. The fickle, human will is the weak, unstable factor in conditional prophecy. Several of his messages were against various foreign nations. It is certain, however, that he lived and labored in the southern kingdom, and that his main prophecy dealt with Assyria in general and Nineveh in particular. Strangely, no evidence suggests that any of these knew in person any of the others. There, he spent an unknown number of years before his return to Judea and his discovery of the abuses described in chapter 13. In an age when every wind of doctrine is blowing it is well to make certain that our understanding of Bible prophecy rests upon a positive Thus saith the Lord (see Deuteronomy 29:29; Isaiah 50:11; Jeremiah 2:13; Matthew 7:24-28; 1 Corinthians 2:4, 5, 12, 13; Eph. This tables shows the reigns of each of the Kings of Judah and Israel, Furthermore, the repeated mention of Judahs wickedness, described as enormous in his day (see chapters 1:4-6, 8, 9, 12; 3:1-3, 7), points to the time before Josiahs reform, which began in 623/22. Click to enable/disable _gat_* - Google Analytics Cookie. Mark 7:9). ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. They were to show forth His praise (chapter 43:21), to declare His glory among the heathen (chapter 66:19), to be a light to the Gentiles (chapters 49:6; 42:6, 7). They would have no part in all that Christ stood for (see on Matthew 3:2, 3; Mark 3:14). New Testament Overview - General survey of the New Testament. Israel was confronted with the choice of blessings or curses. Isaiah was a prophet of the southern kingdom, living in a critical period of his nation. In these tragic events the words of Moses met their final and complete fulfillment: As the Lord rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you; so the Lord will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goes to possess it. When the probationary period of 490 years ended, the nation was still obdurate and impenitent, and as a result forfeited its privileged role as His representative on earth. Host: Alan's Gleanings Chart of the Kings Alphabetical List of the Kings Questions for Discussion A Comment about Names The Heritage of Jesus God's Message of Salvation Kings of the United Kingdom (c 1025-925 BC) King Relationship to Previous King God's Judgment Saul none did evil Ishbosheth* son . They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). Hence, 640 B.C., about midway between the two limits, marked by the destruction of Thebes and the fall of Nineveh, would seem to be a reasonable conjectural date for Nahums prophetic ministry. Any nation and kingdom that would not serve Israel was to perish chapter (60:12). This leaves Ezekiel with a ministry of at least 22 years, from 593/92 to 571/70. Activity of the Writing Prophets during the Reigns of the Kings of ; (locust and Day of the Lord pictures in Joel), written against Edom (which was enemy of Jerusalem under Jehoram? Few passages of Scripture are more commonly misunderstood and variously interpreted than those containing the divine promises made to ancient Israel through the prophets. Filed under Bible, Bible Reference, History, Infographics, Literacy, Old Testament. The Tabernacle of Ancient Israel - Brief Overview of the Tabernacle of Moses in the Wilderness and the Ark of the Covenant. Hosea, Prophet - Amazing Bible Timeline with World History It is possible that he was a Temple singer, since his third chapter is dedicated to the chief singer on my stringed instruments (chapter 3:19). 7. Situating the Prophets in Israel's History Timeline of the Prophets Related Content Donate Prophecies that Inspiration clearly applies to our day were designed of God to inspire us with patience, comfort, and the hope that all things foretold by these holy men of old will soon meet their final and complete fulfillment. c.1050-c.930 BC From King Saul to the prophet Samuel and young King David and his royal dynasty through Solomon. They interpreted prophecy in accordance with their selfish desires, because their ambitious hopes were fixed on worldly greatness. He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). Obadiahs prophecy, directed against Edom, presupposes that a looting of Jerusalem and a carrying away of many Jews into captivity had recently taken place. If these rules are consistently followed the resulting interpretation can be accepted with confidence. The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. Again and again He had warned His people that captivity would be the result of disobedience (see Deuteronomy 4:9; 8:9; 28:1, 2, 14, 18; Jeremiah 18:7-10; 26:2-16; Zechariah 6:15; etc.). The blessings thus assured to Israel are, on the same conditions and in the same degree, assured to every nation and to every individual under the broad heavens. Those in Israel who put forth their best efforts to cooperate with the revealed will of God realized, personally, a measure of the benefits He had promised. His work is characterized by skill in the use of language, a well-balanced syntax, and a lively and impressive poetry. Between the return from Babylon and the rejection of the Messiah, Israel was to have its second and final opportunity as a nation to cooperate with the divine plan (see Jeremiah 12:14-17). The following simple rules are suggested as a safe approach to the study of each prophetic passage of the Old Testament: 1. Louis F. Hartman and Alexander A. 4. Large Map of the Roman Empire in the Early First Century - Click around on the Places. Faithful Work After the ExileHaggai, Zechariah, Malachi In the 5th year of Jehoiachins captivity, 593/92, Ezekiel had his first vision by the river Chebar, a canal near the famous city of Nippur in lower Babylonia (chapter 1:1-3). Select all the topics you most frequently turn to the Bible to get help with: The Bible Gateway Blog features the latest news, announcements, and reflections from Bible Gateway. Those nations that rejected the worship and service of the true God, were to be dispossessed, and Israel would inherit the Gentiles chapter (54:3). Here Paul affirms that the rejection of the Jews did not mean that the promises of God had taken none effect (Romans 9:6), and explains immediately that they are to become effective through spiritual Israel. However, there is no valid reason why Malachi should not be considered a proper name. Some believe that the prophet refers to the conquest of Jerusalem at the time of King Jehoram (2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, 17) in the 9th century; others believe that the prophet is speaking of Jerusalems destruction by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 B.C. First Century Israel Map - Accordingly, the covenant promises and privileges were all permanently transferred from literal to spiritual Israel (Romans 9:4; cf. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. The futurist school ignores both the conditional element pervading predictive prophecy, clearly and emphatically proclaimed by the prophets themselves, and the specific statements of the New Testament that affirm that the privileges and responsibilities of ancient Israel have, in Christ, been transferred to the church. Seventy weeks490 years of literal timewere determined upon the Jews, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness (Daniel 9:24). Ninevehs destruction, which came in 612, is referred to as a future event, indicating that Zephaniahs work preceded this date. The kingdom was divided following Solomons death (see 1 Kings 11:33-38). Tabular showing how the four major andtwelve minor prophets fit into the timeline of the kings of Judah andIsrael. Micah states that his ministry fell in the time of the kings Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1). Some of these prophets only have their words recorded in Kings or Chronicles, while others have their words recorded elsewhere in the Bible (usually the book name is the prophets name). One challenging point in history is the divided kingdoms of Israel (the 10 northern tribes) and Judah (the 2 southern tribes). But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. See also the Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. Examine the prophecy in its entirety. Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. Isaiah | Biography, Prophet, Theology, & Facts | Britannica If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. *The prophets are listed according to their order in the Scriptures. The period following 750 BC, beginning with Hosea and Amos, is often referred to as the classical period of prophecy and those prophets as writing prophets. But it is only against the background of the original historical context of the message that its meaning and value for us can be established with certainty. He is the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever (Hebrews 13:8). It is true, he says, that national Israel stumbled at the stumblingstone, Jesus Christ (Romans 9:32, 33; 11:11; cf. Henceforth, he says, there is no difference between Jew and Greek (chapter 10:12, 13). [1][2]The last Jewish prophet is believed to have been Malachi. This fact weakens the arguments for such a late date. The glorious promises originally made to literal Israel are meeting their fulfillment today in the proclamation of the gospel to all men (Revelation 14:6, 7). Acts 13:22). Desiring the same blessings for themselves, they would make inquiry as to how they too might acquire these obvious material advantages. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel Had Judah remained loyal to God its captivity would not have been necessary. For instance, the prophecy of the battle of Gog and Magog in Ezekiel 38, 39 was never fulfilled to literal Israel; but John the revelator assures us that in principle, though not necessarily in all details (such as those of Ezekiel 39:9-15), this battle will occur at the close of the millennium (Revelation 20:7-9). One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). The establishment of the Hebrew monarchy did not affect the basic principles of the theocracy (Deuteronomy 17:14-20; 1 Samuel 8:7). This chart shows only those events that are mentioned in the Bible and that are of importance to an understanding of the prophetic messages. After Jerusalems fall in 586, Nebuchadnezzar allowed Jeremiah to stay with the remnant of his people who were left in the country (chapter 40:1-6). In fact, this procedure is responsible more than anything else for the fanciful interpretations that distinguish the teachings of certain religious groups. The ministry of Amos may therefore have fallen in the years 767-753 B.C. Elijah | Biography, Name, Meaning, Story, & Elisha | Britannica The prophets did not always clearly understand messages they themselves had borne pointing forward to the distant future, to the coming of the Messiah (1 Peter 1:10, 11). He should not be confused with Micaiah, the son of Imlah, a prophet of Israel in Ahabs time (9th century B.C.). Owing to the failure of the Jews as Gods chosen people, many of the prophecies of the Old Testament, such as those affirming the worldwide mission of Israel and the ingathering of the Gentiles (see Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 4:6-8; Isaiah 2:2-5; 42:6; 49:6; 52:10; 56:6, 7; 60:1-3; 61:9; 62:2; Zechariah 2:11; 8:22, 23; etc. 'P9(3,A0-JF .h The promises God made to Abraham endured through his descendants and the prophets, and they continue to stand true alongside the church's existence today. Jonah **Uzziah is alive until 740, King of Israel Jeroboam II (793-753) Important Dates 760 750 740 (767-740**) but 750. 2 0 obj was 42,360, besides servants. In Egypt, Jeremiah raised his voice against the idolatries the Jews practiced there (chapters 43; 44). Promises not already fulfilled to literal Israel either would never be fulfilled at all or would be fulfilled to the Christian church as spiritual Israel. Maps are essential for any serious Bible study. In spite of the bold and zealous efforts of such prophets as Elijah, Elisha, Amos, and Hosea, the northern kingdom rapidly deteriorated and was eventually carried into Assyrian captivity. Although the Hebrew term naar, youth, or child, by which the prophet designates himself verse (6), does not give an indication of Jeremiahs exact age at the time of his call, the context of the passage in which this word appears seems to favor the interpretation that he was still very young, perhaps less than twenty. Chart of Israel's Kings and Prophets NOTES: Dates in {brackets} indicate a period of co-regency with the prior king (s). We fully respect if you want to refuse cookies but to avoid asking you again and again kindly allow us to store a cookie for that. Furthermore, it should be remembered that the Messiah, after the flesh, was a Jew, that the charter members of the Christian church were all Jews, and that Christianity grew out of Judaism. The prophets vivid description of the catastrophe that had befallen Thebes leaves the impression that the event was still fresh in the memory of the people, whereas Assyrias power, although waning, was not yet near its end. United kingdom under Saul, David, Solomon, c. 1030 - 931. Paul emphasizes the fact that the rejection of literal Israel as Gods chosen instrument for the salvation of the world does not mean that individual Jews can no longer be saved (chapters 9:6; 11:1, 2, 11, 15), for he is a Jew himself (chapters 9:3; 10:1; 11:1, 2). These promises of prosperity and a successful mission were to have met fulfillment in large measure during the centuries following the return of the Israelites from the lands of their captivity. He has a controversy with them because they have rebelled against His authority (Jeremiah 25:31-33), and He will judge (Joel 3:9-17) and destroy them there (Isaiah 34:1-8; 63:1-6; 66:15-18). 3 0 obj Nothing is known of the prophet Joel beyond the fact that he was the son of Pethuel (chapter 1:1). Uzziah was sole king over Judah from 767 to 750, and Jeroboam over Israel from 782 to 753. Not all the prophets were anti-establishment, however. True and whole-hearted worship ushers in peace and blessing from the land. ***The Scripture references provided are those that help estimate the time periods of each prophets ministry. You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. Had Israel as a nation preserved her allegiance to Heaven, Jerusalem would have stood forever, the elect of God (Jeremiah 7:7; 17:25). chapter 11:9, 10). But to go beyond that which is clearly set forth by Inspirationin the immediate context of the passage concerned, in the New Testament, or in the Spirit of prophecyis to substitute personal opinion for a plain Thus saith the Lord. Where Inspiration has not thus clearly spoken it is our privilege to compare scripture with scripture in an endeavor to understand more perfectly the mind of the Spirit. Hosea. The voice of God through the prophets distinctly speaks to us today. 2 Ch 34 - 35 5, 6Josiah was 8yr old when he was made king and reigned 31 years 627BCJer1 1Godcalls Jeremiah to be prophet in Judah. The Temple was apparently rebuilt, and sacrifices were regularly offered at the time of the prophets activity (chapter 1:7-10). Bible Commentary / Produced by TOW Project, 10 Key Points About Work in the Bible Every Christian Should Know, Beyond Rank and Power: What Philemon Tells Us About Leadership, Learning From the Psalms How to Pray Through Your Work, Situating the Prophets in Israels History, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. While it is thus known that he began his work in 520 and continued until 518 B.C., the end of his prophetic ministry must be left open. The blessings of health. This leads us to conclude that Malachis work may have followed Nehemiahs first term as governor, but preceded his return to Jerusalem from the Persian capital. A Jewish legend claims that he was stoned to death by his people. Since only these two kings are mentioned, Amos seems to have prophesied during the time when both kings were sole rulers in their respective kingdoms. Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. The Prophets of Israel and Judah Israel's Kings & Prophets | Craig T. Owens Theology of Work Project Online Materials by Theology of Work Project, Inc. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. A Harmony of the Life of Jesus - Four gospel accounts in harmony. These repeated Messianic predictions were designed to lift the eyes of the people from the transitory events of their own time to the coming of Messiah and the establishment of His eternal kingdom, in order to afford them a view of the things of time in the light of eternity. Several prophecies followed a few months later (Zechariah 1:7 to 6:15). 4. They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. Galatians 3:27-29; see on Deuteronomy 18:15). Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel. prophecy of Jonah[1] during the time of Babylonian captivity, though dating of the book ranges from the 6th to the late 3rd century BC. Spiritual Israel includes both Jews and Gentiles (verse 24). The transition from literal Israel to spiritual Israel, or the Christian church, is the subject of Romans 9-11. We may request cookies to be set on your device. 6. Blog / Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets August 11, 2014 Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets Jonathan Petersen Blogger Grid member Craig T. Owens ( @craigtowens) has created the helpful chart below delineating the Old Testament prophets and kings of Israel and Judah: [ See the updated version of this chart] Owens says: During the reign of Jehoiakim he nearly lost his life for his bold messages, and hence went into hiding (chapter 36:26). Instead of becoming light bearers to the world they absorbed its darkness and reflected that darkness instead. You are free to share (to copy, distribute and transmit the work), and remix (to adapt the work) for non-commercial use only, under the condition that you must attribute the work to the Theology of Work Project, Inc., but not in any way that suggests that it endorses you or your use of the work. The prophet Zephaniah traces his genealogy back to an important personage by the name of Hizkiah, probably King Hezekiah (the names are the same in Hebrew) of Judah. Candid bible. }[~-?)\ In Abraham God found a man ready to yield unqualified obedience to the divine will (Genesis 26:5; Hebrews 11:8) and to cultivate a similar spirit in his posterity (Genesis 18:19). <> This site uses cookies. Enigmatic is his statement that this 5th year of captivity was also the thirtieth year. It is believed that the prophet refers either to his own age or to that year as the 30th year reckoned from the reform which took place during the 18th year of Josiah. The people might approach God personally and through the ministry of a mediating priesthood, their representatives before Him; He would direct the nation through the ministry of prophets, His appointed representatives to them. Blog / Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. However, he is again found playing a role on the night of Babylons fall, as interpreter of the mysterious handwriting on the wall (chapter 5). Josiah was also still a young king, having reached the age of but 21 years at that time. Christianity is a historical religion, and its inspired messages are anchored to the hills and valleys, the deserts and rivers, of the ancient world, and to literal men and women who once walked the earth. Although no chronological data are found in the book, certain statements permit a comparatively exact dating of Habakkuks prophecies. Timeline of the Prophets PDF Image Prophets Obadiah 848 BC - 840 BC Jonah 782 BC - 753 BC Amos 765 BC - 750 BC Hosea 750 BC - 725 BC Isaiah 740 BC - 681 BC Micah 735 BC - 710 BC Nahum 650 BC - 630 BC Zephaniah 630 BC - 625 BC Jeremiah 627 BC - 582 BC Habakkuk 608 BC - 597 BC Show More. b. See Deuteronomy 7:13; 28:2-8; Malachi 3:8-11. As he was escaping on a ship bound for Tarshish a great storm arose. Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. 2. <>>> Eventually Gods purposes will prevail and the plan of salvation will succeed, irrespective of the failure of any person or group. Prophet go. This ties together all the other material: consult the separate tables