dear mama wanda coleman analysisdear mama wanda coleman analysis

Her first poetry manuscript was published as the chapbookArt in the Court of the Blue Fagin 1977. into that realm children go as i fled for the stars, i saw an earthchild. Dans les clous et le crin cherchant la volupt ; L'Humanit bavarde, ivre de son gnie, The talent she exhibited in her books Mad Dog Black Lady(1979) andImagoes(1983) helped to garner her a National Endowment for the Arts grant (1981-82) and a Guggenheim Fellowship for Poetry (1984). Flagells par un vent qui ne vient pas du ciel. Il doit tre restaur comme la grande dflagration qui sait briser les chaines continues et compasses du sens. American Sonnet (95) by Wanda Coleman - Poems | poets.org La femme, esclave vile, orgueilleuse et stupide, Poet and writer Wanda Coleman won critical acclaim for her unusually prescient and often innovative work, but struggled to make a living from her craft. Dear Mama By Tupac Analysis - 941 Words | Internet Public Library He published her chapbook Art in the Court of the Blue Fag, followed by Mad Dog Black Lady and Imagoes. Nul doute quune telle lecture qui fait de Proust la troue sensible de la lecture et par laquelle se dit combien Proust na pas encore t vcu, laissant ainsi ses lecteurs dmesurment vieillis, a su rsonner en Nathalie Quintane qui, repartant notamment son tour de Benjamin, reprend Proust dans son tranchant et puissant Ultra-Proust de Nathalie Quintane qui vient de paratre La Fabrique. The poet and essayist talks about her newest essay collection Minor Feelings, waking Don Share is the editor of Poetry Magazine, a poet and translator, and a gem of a human. La littrature, et Proust avec elle, nest pas aimable, convenable et douce car, depuis sa phrase mme, Proust barre la route au ftichisme, rien ne se fixe, tout se transforme en surexcitant dans le texte une sensibilit sensible. Poem of the week: Nocturne by Wanda Coleman La raison dtre du Trait nest donc pas tant dtablir une quelconque vrit en matire de religion, quoiquil sy emploie par ailleurs et loccasion, que dtablir, pour la religion aussi bien que, et mme surtout, pour la paix civile au sein de lEtat, lutilit de garantir la libert de penser dont ce livre est trs prcisment la dfense en mme temps que la parfaite illustration. Although the collection teems with military metaphors and images of war, the primary theme is the way individuals are defined and dehumanized in the eyes of others. to learn to boogaloo. She supported her family by waiting tables and typing, among other jobs. Il signe la prface de cette nouvelle dition du Trait thologico-politique de Spinoza publie chez aux ditions H&O en 2018, laquelle sajoute le texte Un texte forg en enfer de Steven Nadler. An all-fiction volume followed in the next year,A War of Eyes and Other Stories(1988), which strengthened a surge of critical attention and praise focused on Coleman during the 1980s. Et le peuple amoureux du fouet abrutissant ; Plusieurs religions semblables la ntre, Allumaient dans nos coeurs une ardeur inquite Note from TerranceHayes:I cancelled this interview about Wanda Colemans work after signing the Poetry Foundation Petition. Singulire fortune o le but se dplace, ces vhments contresens de lecture nonns comme un catchisme bat, Quintane oppose une lecture nergique de Proust quelle entend rendre la politique, savoir son urgence rvolutionnaire. with which to buy peace of mind. Pauvres surs, je vous aime autant que je vous plains, Throughout her career, she wrote more than twenty books of poetry and prose. The second is the date of Pour lapercevoir, il faudrait ainsi sans doute recontextualiser Proust que les proustificateurs ont mis en orbite. "Wanda Coleman - Biography" Great Authors of World Literature, Critical Edition Effacent lentement la marque des baisers. dear mama wanda coleman analysis Hippolyte, ma soeur ! 1997 eNotes.com Avons-nous donc commis une action trange ? Comme des chariots ou des socs dchirants ; Ils passeront sur toi comme un lourd attelage "you're a good man, sistuh," a lover sighed solongago. Vont pelant lamour des craintives enfances Il faut mettre son lit et sa gurite de lige au milieu de la place de la Rpublique : Cleste viendra rveiller Proust au milieu des manifestants. Rien ne rassasiera ce monstre gmissant Married and the mother of two children by age 20, Coleman worked many different kinds of jobs during the 1970s and 1980s. "you're a good man, sistuh," a lover sighed solongago. Desired to be a professional violinist but fell to writing when her hands became weak. Et cette gratitude infinie et sublime Cest cela qui nous fait vieillir : tels sont les quelques mots aussi vifs que remarquables de Walter Benjamin qui, dans sa puissante lecture de Marcel Proust, installe le romancier d la recherche du Temps perdu comme lhomme qui nest pas encore connu de ses lecteurs, comme lhomme obscur qui se drobe la saisie unanime du monde qui demeure le trou duvre de son uvre mme. In 2020, a newly relaunched Black Sparrow Press brought out Coleman's, as their inaugural title. Le Trait thologico-politique de Spinoza, un livre forg en enfer, 20/09/2018 | par Ren Chiche | dans Philo Contemporaine | 3 commentaires. beyond love, fear, regret or anger. Ces bijoux merveilleux, faits d'astres et d'thers. Le cantique muet que chante le plaisir, take a big bite of the honky world and choke on it She won an Emmy for her work as a writer for the television soap operaDays of Our Livesfrom 1975 to 76, but Colemans passion for noncommercial writing was undiminished. Il y a mprise et erreur judiciaire. Nous voulons voyager sans vapeur et sans voile ! Wanda Coleman Biography - eNotes.com to swear and wearing mock leather so tight. Dans Ultra-Proust, la politique a vocation faire hypotypose dans le monde, savoir dire les choses de manire si vive quon a limpression quelles se donnent sous les yeux. thisumpteenth time she returnsthis invisible womanlong on haunting short on ectoplasm, "you're a good man, sistuh," a lover sighed solongago. Notre me est un trois-mts cherchant son Icarie ; oozy Manes spill, out yonder spooling in night's lofty hour exudes, her gloom and spew in rankling odor of heady dour, as she strives to retrieve flesh to cloak her bones, again to thrive to keep her poisoned id alive. Dear Mama (4) by Wanda Coleman - Poems | Academy of American Poets Cours offrir un coeur vierge ses cruels baisers ; Appareillons ! En quoi Proust produit-il des livres anti-patates ? Quintane la compris : les Enthoven et Polony proustifient comme le disait dj en son temps Fernand Gregh, ami de jeunesse de Proust de Proust lui-mme auquel il reprochait dtre affect, dcrire en circonvolutions rptes et frntiques et de finalement tre un Proust au carr. In part, the difficulty of finding time to write while working led Coleman to concentrate on poetry. She summarized her complex love-hate relationship with her birthplace by stating that when she visited other places, she found Los Angeles has been there before I arrive. Coleman added: Words seem inadequate in expressing the anger and outrage I feel at the persistent racism that permeates every aspect of black American life. Il faut alors, patiemment et comme on le peut, redonner Proust hors des proustiens, pour trouver le moment o Proust pourra tre non un hyper Proust, savoir une hyperbole aristocratique, un adynaton de laristocratie, aristocrate de laristocratie mais doit tre, au violent contraire, lu comme un Ultra-Proust, savoir un Proust repolitis, non pas un Proust ultra, royaliste, un Proust qui serait perdu mais un Proust retrouv politiquement : un Proust dultra gauche, extrmiste, qui passe la mesure et qui souvre lexcs, la puissance des limites capable de dlaisser le conservatisme dans lequel les proustiens enferment le romancier. D'autres, l'horreur de leurs berceaux, et quelques-uns, you must sleep longer, it says facing south the bed makes me lay heavenward on my back while i prefer a westerly fetal position facing the wall the bed sucks me . of being here without you. In the 80s, L.A.s music underground welcomed Coleman as she appeared with Henry Rollins, Lydia Lunch, and Exene Cervenka with whom she recordedTwin Sisters. A qui rien ne suffit, ni wagon ni vaisseau, Grandiras-tu toujours, grand arbre plus vivace Colemans dramatic situations and use of urban slang create a powerful vision of the brutalizing effects of racism. In His Loving Arms: Poem: Dear Mama by Wanda Coleman Passer sur nos esprits, tendus comme une toile, Qui savent le tuer sans quitter leur berceau. Lire aussi : Dans le vent, la prsence de Spinoza (Daniel Guillon-Legeay). the ISM by Wanda Coleman - Poem Analysis Wanda Coleman is an African American writer who writes about the oppression of blacks, the persecution of females, and the inequitable class structure of the contemporary United States. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance against that shadow day if it happens at all. L'univers est gal son vaste apptit. She raised him from poverty, crack addiction, and many other circumstances brought on by the world that formed Tupac Shakur and Dear Mama. Jamais dautre que toi ne poursuivra son chemin qui est le mien Et des jongleurs savants que le serpent caresse. The speaker, who is the poet herself, expresses how concepts like racism, capitalism, and others influence her mind. Jamais dautre que toi ne saluera la mer laube Et dautres, dont la gorge aime les scapulaires, Jamais dautre que toi Faut-il le mettre aux fers, le jeter la mer, Tantt pleines de cris, tantt pleines de pleurs, She imagines a fantasy version of herself, a "last incarnation" where she "stumbled into fame / without falling" and "always wore my mink coat / to the Laundromat." https://diacritik.com/2018/04/03/nathalie-quintane-pas-de-temps-perdu-pour-la-recherche-ultra-proust/. Poet Wanda Coleman provides a how-to manual, revealing some immediate ways not only to "fix a bad man hex" or "do dirty better," but to keep one's dream-light burning amid the aching rush of dark and anxious times. partir de maintenant, vivons pour les meilleurs choses ; tu veux? Qui, reclant un fouet sous leurs longs vtements, tourne donc ton visage, Dear Mama by Wanda Coleman - A POEM A DAY Wanda Coleman - 1946-2013 we were never caught we partied the southwest, smoked it from L.A. to El Dorado worked odd jobs between delusions of escape drunk on the admonitions of parents, parsons & professors driving faster than the road or law allowed. While she never earned a degree, she often conducted workshops and later taught at university level. Themes Of Guilt, Loss, And Acceptance - 967 Words | Bartleby De leur fatalit jamais ils ne s'cartent, Primarily . Coleman was divorced by 1964, and she decided to pursue a career as a professional writer. Femmes damnes (Delphine et Hyppolite) a wing. Amazon.com: Heavy Daughter Blues: Poems and Stories 1968-1986: Coleman's fight is bigger than the struggle with inner demons: it's fired by outrage against society's racism, poverty and inequality, experienced at the primary personal level. Le poison du pouvoir nervant le despote, Du balai ! important De ceux que le hasard fait avec les nuages. Bouillonnent ple-mle avec un bruit d'orage. Elle en identifie trois spcimen quelle pingle parmi tant dautres qui voltent en toute quitude, trois individus paradigmatiques dune discursivit folle qui vient touffer Proust dans son asthme mme : Natacha Polony qui interviewe Jean-Paul et Raphal Enthoven pour leur Dictionnaire amoureux de Proust. spooky ripplings of icy waves. Il faudrait le dsacraliser, lui faire quitter la cathdrale o on la inhum pour le redonner la rue. maybe that's what has to happen with some uppity youngsters. mon semblable, mon matre, je te maudis ! Le spectacle ennuyeux de l'immortel pch. Edited and introduced by, Edited and Introduced by Terrance Hayes, Black Sparrow Press (Boston, MA), 2020, Ashley M. Jones and Marcus Wicker on Afrofuturism, OutKast, and Living in the American South, 3-Word Sonnets and Poems Shaped Like Bears, A Hunt for Spoilers in the Deep of Jazz-Scented Night, The Longest Walk: Memwars of No One in Particular, MY FEMINIST ASPECTA NON-SELF INTERVIEW IN BRIEF, PoetryUnlike sports, an unregulated industry, Someone Elses Anthology: A Cautionary Tale, Unlucky students are taught to hate poetry. Mes baisers sont lgers comme ces phmres Her work primarily focuses on racism and the oppression of people of color in the United States. Charles Baudelaire, Les Fleurs du mal, 1857, https://www.poesie-francaise.fr/charles-baudelaire/poeme-femmes-damnees-2.php. Faites, pour gayer l'ennui de nos prisons, Proust nest pas sur un yacht, celui que Marcel veut offrir Albertine. Pote : Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867) Lire aussi : Les vrais amis de Spinoza (Michel Juff). Un matin nous partons, le cerveau plein de flamme, Pourtant, Quintane relve une phrase que Philippe Forest aperoit aussi, celle selon laquelle Proust clame : Ne sacrifiez pas des hommes des pierres ! Summary. i always wore my mink coat to the Laundromat and drank pale champagne with my soft-boiled eggs. maybe i had to get my run out first Oh, saboteur, attention ton fardeau : dynamite Comme aprs un nocturne et terrible repas. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. American Sonnet: 91 by Wanda Coleman | Poetry Foundation It is through you visiting Poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to charity. Ceux-l dont les dsirs ont la forme des nues, The poems are full of specific references to black musicians, and the titles often suggest the relationship between music and language, such as The Saturday Afternoon Blues and Blues for a Man on Sax. These collections earned professional recognition: a National Endowment for the Arts grant (1980-1981) and a Guggenheim Fellowship for poetry in 1984. Sur de profonds coussins tout imprgns d'odeur "Sweet Mama Wanda Tells Fortunes: An Interview with Wanda Coleman." Interview by Tony Magistrale and Patricia Ferreira. Esclave de l'esclave et ruisseau dans l'gout ; Le bourreau qui jouit, le martyr qui sanglote ; Et je t'endormirai dans un rve sans fin ! Wanda . (Michel Juff). from here, i see the clocktower in a sweep . Si Quintane sest servie de la lecture de Baudelaire que fit Proust, elle va user pour le dfrontirage des hommes entre eux et des strates de discours entre elles de lanalyse que Proust produit de Grard de Nerval. Celui qui veut unir dans un accord mystique De la ralit grands esprits contempteurs, Et, sans savoir pourquoi, disent toujours : Allons ! En premier lieu, pour Proust, la littrature nest pas charmante, nest pas badine, nest pas mondaine. Toi que j'aime jamais, ma soeur d'lection, Par les fentes des murs des miasmes fivreux Learn about the charties we donate to. and sometimes the lucky ones do, into the realm of making every moment - Je ne suis point ingrate et ne me repens pas, The publication of A War of Eyes, and Other Stories attracted wider critical attention than had her previous books. Black American Literature Forum 24, no. Pardon pour a. Wanda Coleman's poem, Dear Mama, depicts a loss of a loved one (354). Pour trouver le repos court toujours comme un fou ! Et dont l'esprit humain n'a jamais su le nom ! Ye GodsThe Oral Tradition Troubadours cum Slam Junkies. De ses yeux amortis les paresseuses larmes, After some 40 years of writing, Coleman remained devoted to exploring racism, female experience, and Los Angeles. . Et les urnes damour dont vos grands curs sont pleins ! it would be victory over. The stories, centered on working-class people who are threatened or in crisis, are as taut as her poems. i sit in the dark in the living room trying to ignore them in the morning, especially Sunday mornings it will not let me up. Par lhypotypose et la mtalepse ainsi advenues, il faut, cote que cote, faire sortir Proust mais aussi Jacques Rancire qui sont les mmes hommes du livre et de son rgne musal pour les retrouver dans le vivant le plus immanent. By 1969 she had divorced her first husband and planned to become a professional writer, but she was forced to turn her energies to more pragmatic concerns. The author of 20 books of poetry and prose, Coleman's work is focused on racism and the outcast status of living below the . Shes not as central as she should be. Et, n'tant nulle part, peut tre n'importe o ! Married right out of high school at age 18 in 1964. Et ne rafrachira la soif de l'Eumnide American Sonnet (35) by Wanda Coleman - Poems | poets.org Pour ce faire, la parole de Quintane va uvrer comme son habitude depuis un point de non-assignation, dfiche, sans police, explicitement non-spcialiste pour venir passer au crible et au cri la parole des spcialistes et tenter comme Quintane le dit encore de la faire imploser tant la critique doit tre insurrectionnelle. For example, Colemans poem Supermarket Surfer is based on Ginsbergs 1956 piece A Supermarket in California. Mercurochrome was named a finalist for the National Book Award. take a big bite of the honky world and choke on it. She developed her craft at night and on weekends by attending writing workshops in and around Los Angeles, some springing up in the aftermath of the Watts Riots (August 1965); these workshops included playwright Frank Greenwoods Saturday workshop, novelist Budd Schulbergs Watts Writers Workshop, Studio Watts, and Beyond Baroque. que le monde est grand la clart des lampes ! "keep your oil slick and your motor running. American Sonnet (95) Wanda Coleman - 1946-2013. seized by wicked enchantment, i surrendered my song. Je veux m'anantir dans ta gorge profonde, Grew up in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles, known for its high crime rate. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Her language jumps off the page, wrote Camille Paglia in More magazine. In That Other Fantasy Where We Live Forever by Wanda Coleman - Poems During an exercisea war of eyes in which no one may speak or toucha scene of homicidal tension between a black dancer and the leaders white daughter develops, forcing the other class members to intercede. The second date is today's art for sale -https://www.saatchiart.com/art/Drawing-hemlock/284005/4666826/view, Johan Faerber / 3 avril 2018 / Livres, Nathalie Quintane, Nathalie Quintane : pas de temps perdu pour la recherche (Ultra-Proust). lennui des petites filles en prsence dune cage o sagite un serin, Coleman published her first short story, Watching the Sunset, inNegro Digest/Black Worldin 1970. By the time she was twenty, she was a political activist, wife, and mother of two children. laughing as though laughter wards off death Le Temps ! In the early 1980s, she cohosted a radio show, The Poetry Connection, with poet Austin Straus, who became her third husband. Cest la seule et unique question qui, ardente, doit venir aux lvres des lecteurs de Proust car le Contre Sainte-Beuve permet Quintane de montrer combien Proust peut tre lhomme du sensible, cest--dire sous le poli des ventres bourgeois retrouver une inassignable immanence car, comme tout pote, il est dot de capacits cognitives spciales. Contre Sainte-Beuve et contre Saint Proust, Quintane distingue essentiellement deux traits politiques majeurs de Proust, capables selon elle de porter la parole proustienne contre ses propres ultras royalistes. Jamais dautre que toi et je nie le mensonge et linfidlit Poems that are personal and emotional have been modified and persistent. Bacchus, endormeur des remords anciens ! Et sans doute sont-ce les splendides dernires pages dUltra-Proust qui, la manire dun roman critique qui est la forme que rclame peut-tre toute lecture dmocratique de Proust, offrent la vision la plus vibrante et puissante de son livre. Nous imitons, horreur ! Le voyage Reste que, rien ntant plus utile chacun que dtre conduit par sa propre raison, lattention que Spinoza accorde la Bible au point de lui consacrer la premire partie du Trait na pas tant pour objet den tablir la vritable signification que de montrer que ses enseignements sont de nature exclusivement morale, accessoirement politique, mais nullement philosophique, et que, en dautres termes, les Ecritures ninterdisent littralement personne de faire usage de son entendement, et prescrivent encore moins de labdiquer. "keep your oil slick and your motor running." wretched stained mirrors within mirrors of. Copyright 1987 by Wanda Coleman. 'She denounced boredom, cowardice, the status quo': the brilliance of Je t'ai fais vivre des choses atroces. it happened so gradual i didnt notice Vers les horizons bleus dpasss le matin. Enfin, avance Quintane, Proust plastique la phrase. PDF Dear Mama by Wanda Coleman Pour rafrachir ton cur nage vers ton Electre ! boooooooo. Aprs l'avoir d'abord marque avec les dents. La gloire du soleil sur la mer violette, Letter to My Older Sister 5 by Wanda Coleman | Poetry Foundation Ainsi que lenseigne par ailleurs lauteur, les mots dsignent gnralement les choses telles que limagination se les reprsente et non telles que lentendement les conoit ; do lon dduira que non seulement labsence de ces mots nempche pas dy penser la chose, mais quelle favorise en outre sa plus complte et plus claire comprhension. Became a single mother when she was divorced at age 22. O l'homme, dont jamais l'esprance n'est lasse, In her unsettling and candid poems, Wanda Coleman challenged the rot of American racism. A persons struggle to survive on terms created by others is a major theme that connects the poems and short stories. It was described byPublishers Weeklyas an encyclopedic, moment-by-moment accounting of left coast rage, witness and transcendence. This collection received the 1999 Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize, the first given to a work by an African American woman. Many of Cathy Park Hong has some thoughts for you, and some thoughts on how best to share them. Comme un animal fort qui surveille une proie, Comme un btail pensif sur le sable couches, Nous lisons dans vos yeux profonds comme les mers ! Il sait nager. Il est au milieu de la matire, dans un bain dimmanence, dans lgalit irrmdiable et si enviable de latome, lui ce trs grand lecteur de Michelet. curses as she brushes the sand out, "it's gonna break it offit's gonna ruin your scalp." or the tall blond haired gold/bronze-muscled Coleman, Wanda. During this period, she married briefly and bore a third child. L'homme, tyran goulu, paillard, dur et cupide, En dpit des mutilations darbre la tombe de la nuit She denounced boredom, cowardice, the status quo. i worshipped in the temple of Lady Day and took Coltrane as my wizard. La gloire des cits dans le soleil couchant, Proust serait bon, un exemple de bont, un homme finalement condescendant qui, contre un Cline notamment, transmet la bont comme un virus ses lecteurs o chaque lecteur revient habit de La Recherche comme Sur Sourire de limage de Dieu. Wanda Coleman was a great poet, a real in-the-flesh, flesh-eating poet, who also happened to be a real black woman. Wanda Coleman is an African American writer who writes about the oppression of blacks, the persecution of females, and the inequitable class structure of the contemporary United States. Former US poet laureate Juan Felipe Herrera said that Coleman was the word-caster of live coals of Watts & L.A., Coleman died in 2013 following a long illness. Plus tu tloignes et plus ton ombre sagrandit In 1996, Native in a Strange Land collected thirty years of essays and articles that largely reflected Colemans life in Los Angeles. this. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. la toupie et la boule Le vin de son triomphe, et s'allongeait vers elle, Nos coeurs que tu connais sont remplis de rayons ! Faites votre destin, mes dsordonnes, L'oeil fatal, rpondit d'une voix despotique : Dans Les Annes 10, Quintane dplorait dj, rsigne, combien la littrature ne peut pas tre utile au mme titre quune petite cuillre ou quun service la personne . "you're a good man, sistuh," a lover sighed solongago. Les unes, curs pris des longues confidences, Et, folle maintenant comme elle tait jadis, Hello, teachers and students I am a fan of the genre Hip-Hop. During the 1970s Coleman experimented in theater, dance, television, and journalism. This exemplary poem from Bathwater Wine, which won the 1999 Lenore Marshall Prize, finds Coleman working in a visionary mode. Nous avons vu partout, et sans l'avoir cherch, Parler de Proust, le comprendre et le lire, cest le jeter de nouveau dans le grand bain galitaire des ides. Aux yeux du souvenir que le monde est petit ! By Wanda Coleman associations: years of being ashamed/my sometimes fat, ordinary body. Pour un de ces regards charmants, baume divin, Mort, vieux capitaine, il est temps ! During the 1970s, Coleman experimented in various media, including theater, dance, and journalism. Pour tromper l'ennemi vigilant et funeste, Frres qui trouvez beau tout ce qui vient de loin ! Plonger au fond du gouffre, Enfer ou Ciel, qu'importe ? Wanda Coleman Poetry - Poem Analysis Terrance Hayes and the poetics of the un-thought. La Curiosit nous tourmente et nous roule, Et trouver sur ton sein la fracheur des tombeaux ! Partant, Quintane reprend Proust en reprenant la parlure proustienne et sa cohorte de beaux-parleurs. Proust serait lhomme dun certain art pour lart, dun raffinement prononc des mots sur les choses, un homme qui cultiverait la culture elle-mme, la dvitaliserait au nom dune ide du Beau qui se donnerait comme suprieure aux hommes. American Sonnet 51 By Wanda Coleman in my last incarnation i inoculated myself with oodles of dago red and stumbled into fame without falling. L'pre strilit de votre jouissance received like spanish eight, treasure to bury within raging hearts. Wanda Coleman | Poetry Foundation shakes me, beyond love, fear, regret or anger Everyday life is depicted as a combat zone where one fights for self-definition as well as for survival. Verse-nous ton poison pour qu'il nous rconforte ! Qui voulut le premier, dans sa stupidit, Elle eut t bien inspire de lire et mditer louvrage de Spinoza, ou ne serait-ce que des parties de celui-ci : elle y aurait appris que non seulement ltude littraire de la Bible nest pas contraire la lacit, mais quelle fut mme le moyen dtablir lutilit de ce principe pour tout rgime se voulant un tant soit peu rpublicain.