reticular. The example is from dog tissue. Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Organ capsules (collagenous type) and walls of arteries (elastic type) contain dense irregular connective tissue. As with dense regular connective tissue, when elastic fibers running in random directions outnumber collagen fibers, the tissue is a dense irregular elastic connective tissue. Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. -Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. Nutrients, salts, and wastes are dissolved in the liquid matrix and transported through the body. Leukocytes, white blood cells, are responsible for defending against potentially harmful microorganisms or molecules. A radioactive 60Co^{60} \mathrm{Co}60Co nucleus emits a gamma ray of wavelength 0.931012m0.93 \times 10^{-12} \mathrm{m}0.931012m. Collagen fibers, while flexible, have great tensile strength, resist stretching, and give ligaments and tendons their characteristic resilience and strength. The knee and jaw joints and the intervertebral discs are examples of fibrocartilage. Osteocytes, bone cells like chondrocytes, are located within lacunae. In loose connective tissue, the fibers are loosely organized, leaving large spaces in between. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain? -function: wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays an important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid Reticular Connective Tissue resembles areolar tissue but the matrix is made up of only reticular fibers, found in bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes Watch this animation to learn more about tendonitis, a painful condition caused by swollen or injured tendons. Injuries to cartilage heal very slowly because cells and nutrients needed for repair diffuse slowly to the injury site. The proteoglycan attracts and traps available moisture forming the clear, viscous, colorless matrix you now know as ground substance. Explain surface tension. Communication within the body is essential for homeostasis. Your opponent stands ready as you prepare to hit the serve, but you are confident that you will smash the ball past your opponent. These serve to hold organs and other tissues in place and, in the case of adipose tissue, isolate and store energy reserves. The most abundant cell in connective tissue proper is the fibroblast. A. Bones are made of a rigid, mineralized matrix containing calcium salts, crystals, and osteocytes lodged in lacunae. The formed elements circulating in blood are all derived from hematopoietic stem cells located in bone marrow (Figure \(\PageIndex{8}\)). The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. The number and type of adipocytes depends on the tissue and location, and vary among individuals in the population. White adipose tissue can be found protecting the kidneys and cushioning the back of the eye. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? Persons whose jobs and hobbies involve performing the same movements over and over again are often at the greatest risk of tendinitis. Blood is considered a specialized form of connective tissue. most widely distributed connective tissue; soft and pliable, can soak up excess fluid; Function: binds skin to underlying tissue, holds structures together. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long and straight fiber. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain? Dense connective tissue proper is richer in fibers and may be regular, with fibers oriented in parallel as in ligaments and tendons, or irregular, with fibers oriented in several directions. Tissue functions and locations Flashcards | Quizlet A layer of dense irregular connective tissue covers cartilage. Dense irregular connective tissue. Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose Embedded within the cartilage matrix are chondrocytes, or cartilage cells, and the space they occupy are called lacunae (singular = lacuna). chapter 4 new part 2 Flashcards | Quizlet Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, & Nervous Tissue Flashcards Cells circulate in a liquid extracellular matrix. Areolar connective tissue. Cartilage and bone are supportive tissue. If d1=3i^2j^+4k^\vec{d}_1=3 \hat{\mathrm{i}}-2 \hat{\mathrm{j}}+4 \hat{\mathrm{k}}d1=3i^2j^+4k^ and d2=5i^+2j^k^\vec{d}_2=-5 \hat{\mathrm{i}}+2 \hat{\mathrm{j}}-\hat{\mathrm{k}}d2=5i^+2j^k^, then what is (d1+d2)(d14d2)\left(\vec{d}_1+\vec{d}_2\right) \cdot\left(\vec{d}_1 \times 4 \vec{d}_2\right)(d1+d2)(d14d2) ? It fills the spaces between muscle fibers, surrounds blood and lymph vessels, and supports organs in the abdominal cavity. Dense connective tissue is reinforced by bundles of fibers that provide tensile strength, elasticity, and protection. connective tissue proper loose connective tissue, adipose. Brown adipose tissue is more common in infants, hence the term baby fat. In adults, there is a reduced amount of brown fat and it is found mainly in the neck and clavicular regions of the body. These serve to hold organs and other tissues in place and, in the case of adipose tissue, isolate and store energy reserves. Blood contains formed elements derived from bone marrow. Tendinitis is routinely diagnosed through a clinical examination. Dense connective tissue is reinforced by bundles of fibers that provide tensile strength, elasticity, and protection. tissues (part 1) Flashcards | Quizlet Brown adipose tissue is more common in infants, hence the term baby fat. In adults, there is a reduced amount of brown fat and it is found mainly in the neck and clavicular regions of the body. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue: regular and irregular. Cellularity, specialized contacts, polarity, supported by connective tissue, and regeneration. energy- rich fat cells - richly vascularized (provide blood vessels, high metabolic activity) What is the function of adipose tissue? That dull ache in the wrist that you ignored through the summer is now an unbearable pain. She issues a stern warning about the risk of aggravating the condition and the possibility of surgery. Reticular cells produce the reticular fibers that form the network onto which other cells attach. In contrast, fixed macrophages are permanent residents of their tissues. 1. the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid (surfactant) 2. a measure of the inward pull by interior particles. How Are Consistency, Surface Tension and Viscosity Different? Adipose tissue consists mostly of fat storage cells, with little extracellular matrix ([link]). As we explained in Chapter 1, tissues are organized into organs such as the kidneys and heart. It allows water, salts, and various nutrients to diffuse through to adjacent or embedded cells and tissues. THE BENEFITS OF HAIR MINERAL TESTING ANALYSIS FOR ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE Hair mineral testing analysis is an invaluable tool for athletes and their coaches seeking to optimize athletic performance. Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This tissue is no longer present after birth, leaving only scattered mesenchymal cells throughout the body. Roaming, or free, macrophages move rapidly by amoeboid movement, engulfing infectious agents and cellular debris. Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows cells located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. No blood vessels supply cartilage tissue. These combine to form a proteoglycan with a protein core and polysaccharide branches. Legal. Q. She consoles you by mentioning that well known tennis players such as Venus and Serena Williams and Rafael Nadal have also suffered from tendinitis related injuries. Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. Click at the bottom of the quiz for the answers. Embedded within the cartilage matrix are chondrocytes, or cartilage cells, and the space they occupy are called lacunae (singular = lacuna). . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo Why is areolar . As you have seen from the tissue types discussed above, the main role of connective tissues is to form the structural framework of the body. A plate of hyaline cartilage at the ends of bone allows continued growth until adulthood. A few distinct cell types and densely packed fibers in a matrix characterize these tissues. A layer of dense irregular connective tissue covers cartilage. In all cases, overuse of the joint causes a microtrauma that initiates the inflammatory response. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue. Q. In other tissues, stretching in several directions is achieved by alternating layers where fibers run in the same orientation in each layer, and it is the layers themselves that are stacked at an angle. Chapter 13 - Connective Tissue Supports and Protects - BIO 140 - Human The Benefits of Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis For Athletic - LinkedIn Cells circulate in a liquid extracellular matrix. Function: tensile strength with the ability to . Hyaline cartilage is smooth and clear, covers the articulating surfaces of bones, and is found in the growing portion of bones. After examining your swollen wrist, the doctor in the emergency room announces that you have developed wrist tendinitis. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Fibrocartilage is tough because it has thick bundles of collagen fibers dispersed through its matrix. Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column.