True or false: life expectancy is often higher in LICs. (A) Define the concept of a state and describe two characteristics of a state. Refer to the reading assignments and the AP Human Geography Vocab Chart file listed below. Lets break down that statement. On January 1, 2013, Ameen Company purchased a building for $36 million. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. Answer: Historical and contemporary factors that have influenced language distribution and diversity include colonialism, migration patterns, globalization, and language policies. The free-response question no stimulus found there reads as follows: In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. (B) Explain the difference between a nation and a state. It has been criticized for its impact on local cultures and economies, as well as for its environmental and labor practices. Free AP Human Geography Flashcards about Unit 07 Vocabulary These can also be used to compare countries with each other. Let's put everything into practice. Our population is just about to hit 8 billion. People may be pulled to a HIC country, as there are more economic or educational opportunities. They explore changes to places resulting from the growth or loss of industry and the role of industry in the world economy. There are several types of economies, including: So an economy is basically people that buy things from the people that make things. AP Human Geo - 7.8 Sustainable Development | Fiveable Additionally, as populations grow, more land may be cleared for agriculture or urban development, leading to deforestation and loss of habitat. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. Is areas that provide the majority of the resources for the industrial core. This can be economic, social, political, and/or environmental. Raw materials are often made into more expensive goods or products in HICs, therefore boosting these economies instead, whilst LICs have to import these expensive goods, so economic growth remains low. a. d.f. Some of the physical factors that can cause uneven development are based on climate, the production of raw materials, and country placement. There are many factors which lead to, and have led to, the world being unevenly developed. Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat. Coastal and marine areas: These are areas along the coast or in the ocean that are rich in biodiversity and provide opportunities for ecotourism activities such as snorkeling, diving, and whale watching. Fig. Vocabulary for AP HuG "The Cultural Landscape," by James M. Rubenstein, Chapter 9, Development and the next chapters. However, most of the trade systems are controlled by HICs or Transnational Corporations (TNCs). In the United States, for example, Silicon Valley in CALIFORNIA is a core area where high-technology businesses are clustered. Economic causes include the cycle of poverty and global trading systems. These factories are often located in border regions, such as the maquiladoras located in Tijuana and Ciudad Jurez, which are near the border with the United States. manufacturers that process, transform, and assemble raw materials. There is a huge contrast in the number of people living in eastern China compared to the distribution in the western part of the country. An example of an environmental justice issue related to resource distribution is the disproportionate exposure of low-income and minority communities to pollution and environmental hazards, such as in areas with high concentrations of polluting industries. Answer: Migration is often tied to political issues such as nationalism, citizenship, and border control, as governments may seek to regulate or limit migration flows. The images show examples of agricultural technology developed during different time periods. A) Explain the concept of urbanization and identify two historical factors that have contributed to the growth of urban areas. the desire, ability, and willingness to buy a product, a. demand schedule They can also be found if you zoom into a country at a regional, local and even city scale. Colonialism refers to the control of countries by another country. Answer: A nation refers to a group of people who share a common culture, history, and identity, while a state is a political entity with defined territorial boundaries and a permanent population. G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of population growth and its consequences. This dependence has led to criticism that these countries are still being exploited and controlled by outside powers, despite the formal end of colonialism. To help you organize your studies, we've provided concise summaries and key terms for each AP Human Geography unit. As you can see from the GDP map of the world on the left and the Oxfam image above (click on it to find out more) the world is a very unequal place. Language is a key aspect of cultural identity and is shaped by a variety of social, historical, and political factors. is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. On a separate sheet of paper, match the letter of the term best described by statement below. 3) Takeoff stage - Introduction and rapid growth (industrial revolution) of manufacturing industries, better infrastructure, financial investment, and cultural change Different countries around the world have different levels of development, which can directly affect the populations living in those countries. Cultural and heritage tourism: This type of ecotourism involves visiting cultural and historical sites and participating in local cultural activities. Click on the map if you would like to enlarge it. McDonald's has restaurants in over 100 countries and generates a significant portion of its revenue from international operations. Other modes of transport for trade are often more expensive, wait times are longer, and the country becomes reliant on other countries with access to the sea. We can reduce uneven development by closing the development gap. Answer: Urbanization and globalization are interrelated as global economic forces often influence the growth of urban areas. h. elastic demand. Gross National Product (GNP) But why is this the case? f .=80,95d.f.=80,95 percent confidence, c. d.f.=100,95d . Core and Periphery, Two Types That Make the World Term. This reduces the number of educated people in the home country. You could find that on Google or in your textbook, but what does that really mean? =40,95=40,95=40,95 percent confidence, b. d.f.=80,95d . Refer to the information in the first quick study of this chapter and assume the periodic inventory system is used. Nations with high population density tend to be poverty-stricken as well, due to too many people in a given area competing for resources (agricultural, financial, etc). Biomass energy: This type of energy is generated using organic matter, such as wood, crops, and animal waste, as a fuel source. PDF AP Human Geography The second sentence says that the people that buy these goods, also known as consumers, buy goods/services that they need and want. I just directed ChatGPT to do the following: Create six free-response questions no stimulus modeled after the free-response question no stimulus found in the AP Human Geography Sample Exam located on page 167 of the AP Human Geography Course and Exam Description. Many Latin American countries have a history of U.S. intervention and influence, and have implemented economic policies that favor U.S. interests, such as free trade agreements and privatization of state-owned enterprises. Example: The GDP of the USA Human Development Index (HDI) Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy. The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. A development indicator is just data that helps show how developed a country is. fd.f. This allows for the production of customized products with short lead times, and reduces the need for large-scale production runs and mass storage of finished goods. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Students cultivate their understanding of human geography through data and geographic analyses as they explore topics like patterns and spatial organization, human impacts and interactions with their environment, and spatial processes and societal changes. look up the value of Student's ttt in Appendix D for the stated level of confidence. Answer: Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across national borders. Answer: Language convergence refers to the blending of two or more languages into a new, hybrid language. Similarly, Silicon Valley in California has become a hub for technology companies due to the concentration of skilled workers, research institutions, and venture capital firms in the region. *Usually carried out by governments or international organisations, locals are not consulted. For example, as populations grow, more people may move to urban areas, leading to increased social isolation and changes in community dynamics. The spatial grouping of people or activities for mutual benefit. Turns natural resource into something else (product for sale). a measure of how many units of currency are needed in one country to buy the amount of goods and services that one unit of currency will buy in another country. There are stark differences between HICs and LICs. The Trans Atlantic slave trade caused uneven development as the African continent was bled of its human resources. Answer: A lack of access to resources, such as clean water, can impact the quality of life as it can lead to health problems and reduced productivity. Pretax accounting income for 2016 was$45 million. Ch 1 Key Issue 2: Why is Each Point on Earth, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Research Guides: Human Geography: Economic geography The Chancellor of Germany in the 1970s divided the world into the 'Rich North' and the 'Poor South', with a line that roughly circled the world at 30. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. A way to measure the extent of sex inequality set up by the UN Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. None of these answers is correct; the Core-Periphery Model is no longer used by geographers. Industrialization, from ancient history to now, has helped power improvements in standards of living in periphery countries, but it has also contributed to geographically uneven development in semi-periphery countries.